Is Interracial Adoption Not Always Beneficial Social Work Essay Example

Is Interracial Adoption Not Always Beneficial Social Work Essay With many honeymooners there can frequently be a really similar job that they could meet, non being able to hold kids of their ain. While some twosomes could take to hold a alternate female parent, or other ways many of this shortly to be parents take the pick of acceptance. Adoption in the United States is a societal and legal procedure whereby a parent-child relationship is established between people non related by birth ( Fass ) . Originally acceptance was non recorded and was done spontaneously. While acceptance is a great manner for honeymooners to get down a household, non all types of acceptance are optimal. Interracial acceptance, as Vincent Parrillo provinces in the Encyclopedia of Social Problem that explains transracial acceptance and how it can be considered really controversial, provinces that transracial acceptance is known as acceptance that takes topographic point across the racial boundaries. While acceptance can be and frequently is really good to many kids s live s, interracial acceptances may non ever be the best thought because some kids may non see their cultural backgrounds and need to understand their cultural individuality. Adoptions in America has occurred and changed drastically over the past two centuries. In the beginning acceptance was self-generated and non recorded. In the Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood in History and Society, Paula Fass writes an article about acceptance in the United States, giving history and information about acceptance. Adoption has become a formalistic legal establishment governed by a hodgepodge of legislative acts in 50 separate province legal powers with increasing federal engagement ( Frass ) . With authorities engagement came uniformed criterions to modulate acceptances that take topographic point in the United States. As Frass says in her article Adoption in the United States , that some experts say that the Numberss of acceptance in the United States are every bit high as six out of 10 Americans are adopted. Frass, besides states, while acceptance began in the colonial period and these kids normally ranged in ages from six to sixteen, these kids were norm ally made to work for the household as an excess brace of custodies on the farms. By the mid 19th century, province legislative assemblies began to ordain the first acceptance statues, An Act to Supply for the Adoption of Children that is set into jurisprudence in 1851 in Massachusetts. Some beneficent adult females reformists who were located in New York City founded the first private acceptance bureau in 1911. Adoption is conveying a kid and an grownup together to organize a new lifelong relationship, where they can bond and experience life lessons together, and treats the kid to a life that they should hold. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Interracial Adoption Not Always Beneficial Social Work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Is Interracial Adoption Not Always Beneficial Social Work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Is Interracial Adoption Not Always Beneficial Social Work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer With the addition in acceptance after World War II, there were non adequate Caucasic kids available for acceptance. While most households wanted to follow these kids there was an addition in following the minority as a new thought of acceptance. This new thought of acceptance was referred to as interracial acceptance or transracial acceptance, which became a new stage that was traveling on in the United States. By 1965, transracial acceptance had become known as the little revolution ( Fass ) . This is when acceptance bureaus began puting African American babes with white households more often. In 1971, transracial acceptance reached its extremum, with 468 bureaus describing 2,574 such arrangements ( Fass ) . The most recent estimation of transracial acceptance was performed in 1987 by the National Health Interview Survey ( NHIS ) . The determination reveled that merely eight per centum of all acceptances include parents and kids of different races ( Adoption.com ) At this cli p this was non a great figure of kids but subsequently research shows that the Numberss continue to increase. An scrutiny by the New York Times of the 2000 census-the foremost in which information on acceptance was collected-showed that merely over 16,000 white family included adopted black kids. ( Times ) While this is a big figure, the nose count did non state if these kids are being exposed to their original cultural background or if these kids were merely populating their lives as if they were a white kid with a darker skin color so their parents and siblings. While these figure are great for the sum of kids put into loving places, their exact arrangement is non ever considered in their best involvement. While there is non a set jurisprudence that is consistent between all 52 provinces, many provinces have the same accent on race in acceptances. Congress did ordain one act that effected transracial acceptance. As stated in Andrew Morrison s article Transracial Adoption: the Pros and Cons and the Parents Perspective gives the pro s and con s of transracial acceptance and has a subdivision on Legal Treatment of Race in acceptance, and this where Morrision states: In 1978, Congress enacted the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 ( ICWA ) Prior to 1978, every bit many as 30 five per centum of Native American Children were being taken from their places, about ever to be raised by white households. These kids were sometimes taken under duress and fraud. The ICWA mandated a strong penchant for race matching for Native American acceptances, leting Native American kids to be adopted by non-Native American parent merely as a last resort. These kids were to be considered to be tribal resources that should be raised by the people that know their heritage the best. In most provinces adoption Torahs permit a greater accent on race than would usually be allowable under our fundamental law. Merely three states-Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin- categorically prohibit consideration of race in acceptance ( Altstein, Melli, and Simon ) . This shows that people are get downing to understand that race is to be considered for the well being of the kid. With this accent, it is besides the societal workers that have really of import function with transracial acceptances. Jo Daughetty Bailey believe that any type of transracial acceptance international or non is non ever good and that the kids have a opportunity of losing their cultural heritage and that there is a manner to extinguish this. aˆÂ ¦ societal workers in the field have a critical function to play in minimising this. By using societal individuality to the insta nce of international adoptees cultural individuality formation, it follows that a positive cultural individuality is best facilitated by exposure to information and experiences that communicate the built-in value of the kid s cultural group ( Bailey ) . With the societal workers using this theory less kids that are adopted would non hold to worry about losing their cultural individuality. While transracial acceptance can work good with some households, this is non ever true for other households. With the kids in transracial acceptances, they do non ever demo psychological jobs or different societal jobs but the households need to anticipate the kid to see many different major challenges throughout their childhood, and turning up into adolescences. McRoy provinces in his article An Organizational Dilemma: the instance of Transracial acceptance that black kids need to turn up in their cultural background: Black kids belong physically and psychologically and culturally in black households where they can have the entire sense of themselves and develop a sound projection of their hereafter. Merely a black household can convey the emotional and sensitive nuances of perceptual experience and reactions essential for a black kid s endurance in a racialist society. Human existences are merchandises of their environment and develop their sense of values, attitudes, and self-concept within their ain household constructions. Black kids in white places are cut off from the healthy development of themselves as black people. With African American households that are put into white families there is ever the fact that the kids are non traveling to see their civilization in a custodies on manner. When African American kids turn up with the same race parents they do non hold the issue of losing their background and civilization. With Caucasic households non cognizing the exact background of their adoptive kids, the household can non explicate what is traveling on with hard experiences that the parents have neer gone through being a different race. When an African American girl asks her parents what precisely she should make with her hair, the female parent does non ever have the exact reply for her girl. With the female parent non sing this turning up or even in maturity, she may non be able to give her girl the best advice available. As stated in Katharine Quarmby s article Untitled she states that an assiocation has pointed out this fact: The Assoication of Black Social Workers ( ABSW ) claimed in the 1980 s that transracial arrangements are a manner prolongation racialist political orientation . Their motto, that Love is Enough , still looms over the statement. They pointed out that white parents did non how to care for black kids s tegument or hair, that black kids could non walk down the street with their white relations without holding to give and account. This may do jobs within the household and do the kid seem as if they do non suit in. This is non how kids should experience while in a household adhering relationship. While many households that have an African American kid in their household will necessitate aid or aid from the African American community. With many people non desiring the kids to lose their cultural background, trust of the African American community is a must. With the kids being active in the African American community has a positive and negative consequence on the kids in interracial acceptance. With the contact with the African American community the kids are able to larn about their background and civilization. This will assist the kids be able to interact with fellow equals that are like them. While this may look like a good thought, this may besides set the kids in a place that they do non belong in their current household and do non suit in because their household members are non like them. This may do kids to experience superior to their fellow household members and may non understand precisely why their household is non like the other households that they met in the Afri can American community. Ron Nixon writes an article in the New York Times, explicating that the de-emphasis on race in acceptance is critized and explains how the adoptees feel. Many transracial adoptees say they struggle to suit in among their ain household members. ( Nixon ) These adoptees may non experience like they fit in among their household because they do non precisely look like the other members, or they may non understand why their playthings were non the same colour as their friends when playing with Barbie s or G.I Joes. While some people may reason that if there is a restriction on acceptances based on race that there would be fewer acceptances. The kids that are put into Foster attention would non be placed into a household every bit shortly as possible. We have seen what happens when race is allowed to be a consideration. Children are waiting in Foster attention to be adopted. ( Nixon ) Ms. Chaplin, quoted in the New York Times article, is an associate commissioner at the Administration for Children and Families at the Department of Health and Human Services, who said this states that the kids would be waiting much longer in foster attention, shows that race should non be a determinant factor when it comes to adoption. This lone states that interracial acceptance is merely good because there will be fewer kids to be taken attention of in Foster attention, non how the kids really will get by with the determination and how they will respond. While every kid needs to cognize and develop their cultural individuality this may look really hard being raised in a family that is non of the same cultural background. In households that there is an African American kid, most parents raise the kid as if they have the same cultural individuality as them and most parents do non even notice they are making so. While kids may look that they are making good and booming, non demoing any major reverses this is non ever the instance. Although the kids appeared to be booming and good adjusted harmonizing to standard steps, they are being brought up as idea they were white and had small or no contact with black [ s ] . ( Hayes ) . While these kids are making good in the eyes of many, the kids are non making good in the facet of the cultural individuality. The kids are get downing to bury or non even understand their cultural background. The kids in some instances do non even cognize how people of their ain cultural individuality live or ev en move. With the kids non sing this first manus, they may lose a really of import portion of their history. Nagel states his sentiment in Bailey s article A Practice Model to protect the Ethnic Identity of International Adoptees in 1996: Cultural individuality is influenced by both external and internal factors. External forces include societal constructions that serve to specify cultural boundaries, often for political or economic intents, such an affirmatory action policies that seek to right historical inequalities between groups aˆÂ ¦ However, such external forces form merely portion of the complex system of cultural individuality formationaˆÂ ¦ therefore, achieving an individuality is a procedure in which one actively constructs a construct of the ego from an array of societal groups. This states that cultural individuality is affected by external and internal factors that will neer travel off and that kids need to understand and be able to wholly turn and boom as a individual. Experts besides province that kids cognizing about their cultural individuality are better off when turning up. Both have adopted a discourse that stresses that kids have a demand or right to a sense of cultural individuality and cultural heritage. ( Hayes ) While interracial acceptance is a really popular signifier of acceptance, some households believe that following a kid of a different race may learn those new imposts and cultural influences that the kid would neer be exposed excessively. While learning kids about different cultural backgrounds and holding them see the civilization of their parents may do the kid seem more rounded. While this may look as a fantastic thought, holding a kid that is from a different ethnicity being able to understand and suit in with a different civilization. This may do the kid seem like they would neer suit in with their original cultural background. This should neer be the instance with a kid turning up. Bing able to associate to merely one cultural background, that is non their original is non ever good to the kid. While interracial acceptance may look like an first-class thought, to acquire kids out of poorness, and have them populating outstanding, fantastic lives with parents that can demo the counsel, love and fondness, the arrangement of the kids is a really of import issue to be concerned with. While these kids do unrecorded wonderful lives, these kids frequently wonder what life would be like if they would hold stay in their cultural community. While the kids placed with adoptive parents that treat them merely as if they were blood kids and are considered to be their kids. When an African American adoptee begins to travel through different stage of their lives, they will get down to travel rely on people of the black community. Harmonizing the National Association of Black Social Workers a statement in 1972, who was against interracial acceptance stated: These kids need the support and socialisation of black households merely every bit much as the Black community needs to keep and prolong its kids and households. Yet, in Contrast to the lightening processes of international acceptance, the transracial acceptance of black kids returning in maturity to the black community. In fact, one of the definitions of success in these arrangements is the formation of an appropriate racial individuality. While this states that the kids that are in interracial acceptances will frequently return to the black community later in life. While these kids may believe that they lived a fantastic life, they may ever go on to inquire how their lives would hold been if they would hold grown up in the black community with the changeless influence of other people that are considered to be more like them. When the kid is invariably with people of the same race or expression like the other people in the household they no longer have to oppugn why they are the colour they are, or how they do non fit the other childs in their vicinity if they live in a prevailing white vicinity. With this type of wondering could be the ground of why adoptee kids adventure back to the grownup community when they are in early grownup goon. While some kids that are an apart of an interracial acceptance do no experience any signifier of racism turning up there are ever kids that do see this. When kids are small, the bash non ever understand why their friends in school, who are non the same colour, are different colourss than them. With this kids can sometimes get down to dislike other for non being the same colour as them. This may be really disturbing for a kid that is the lone dark skinned kid of the household. This may besides do the kids to experience as if they do non belong in their household even though they are really loved by their adoptive parents. Children and parents may besides judge interracial households throughout their childhood and turning up, sometime even stating rude and objectionable things about the household, even though they have no thought about the state of affairs. With this the kids may experience like they do non suit in with the people that they are brought up about. While interracial acceptance has become really common in the United States, which can be considered a really first-class achievement in acceptance bureaus with a larger sum of kids being placed into caring and loving households. With this type of acceptances, acceptance bureaus are conveying different people together to organize new households ; there should be a consideration of where the kids are topographic point into such households. Interracial acceptance can be really good, seting kids into places, larning a new civilization, but it needs to be considered that these kids may lose their cultural background non populating with people of the same race. These kids may besides non understand racism wholly, even being the center of racialist remarks throughout their lives that will neer travel off. While some acceptance bureaus do non take the kid and how they may see things different into consideration, it should be made known that is non all about acquiring the kids out of Foster a ttention, but into a household that they will be able to associate to. This is about what is in the best involvement of the kid, non the parent. ( Nixon )

The Withered Arm Essays

The Withered Arm Essays The Withered Arm Paper The Withered Arm Paper Essay Topic: Literature In this essay I am going to try my best to answer the question Who do you think is to blame for the tragedy of The Withered Arm? I will attempt to include as much information and reasons to whom I think is to be blamed and why. I will try to justify these reasons with various quotes and descriptions by referring to the text. Thomas Hardy was born in 1840 and died in 1825. He was a great novelist who wrote many famous novels such as Mayor of Casterbridge and Far From The Madding Crowd. These novels are now known for being classic literature. Most of the novels he wrote were depressing and ironic. The Withered Arm is one of many Thomas Hardy short novels, it is set in the late 1800s in a village called Holmstoke that has a small rural community of mostly milkmaids. There are three main characters in this novel they consist of: Farmer Lodge; a wealthy and respected man, who is well known for his good reputation. Also there is Rhoda Brook; a not so wealthy woman and less fortunate than Farmer Lodge with a reputation of being a witch. Lastly there is also Gertrude Lodge; she is Farmer Lodges new wife. .. They say shes rosy-cheeked, titsy-totsy little body enough. They/The men become ill and frustrated. At the end of the story they have an argument, that ends tragically. Kayerts accidently kills Carlier because of some sugar he wants to have in his tea. On the next day, before the boat arrives, Kayerts kills himself/commits suicide. 2. This book is both a psychological thriller and a political statement. Written in 1896, Joseph Conrad gives an account of two white traders, Carlier and Kayerts, who are out- posted in Africa at a trading station. Although the Europeans do trade goods, their underlying purpose is to export civilization, from Europe to Africa. Carlier and Kayerts are living in colonial times. England and other European countries have control over Africa. The native people are seen as in need of being civilized. 3. As the steamer that drops them off fades into the distance, Carlier and Kayerts already begin to feel uneasy. Out in the jungle with no other Europeans to support their views about the world, they sense that they are out of their element, and not up to the task they have been assigned. Their predecessor lies.. 4. Summary 5. Kayerts and Carlier are put in charge of a remote and . unpromising trading station on a river. Its previous agent 7. died of fever and his grave, marked by a cross, forms part 8. of the outpost. The director of the trading company, who 9. predicts their failure, leaves them with enough provisions 10. to last for the six months until his envisaged return. Makola, 11. ‘a civilized nigger’ who lives with his family on the outpost, 12. is responsible for the acquisition and storage o f ivory and is 13. in charge of the ten black men working (not very effectively) 14. at the post. The other group of natives, ‘Father’ Gobila’s 15. people, are friendly and provide the station with local 16. supplies. When a group of fierce-looking black strangers 17. appears in the compound, Makola behaves very strangely 18. and makes clandestine arrangements to sell the ten station 19. men to the strangers in return for six beautiful tusks that 20. are deposited in the yard. It gradually dawns on Kayerts 21. and Carlier that they have become involved in a terrible 22. crime, but after discarding their initial pangs of guilt are 23. omforted by the thought of lucrative commissions on the 24. ivory. The steamer is late, their provisions are running low 25. and the physical and mental state of the two white men 26. deteriorates rapidly. Demoralized by a quarrel over the last 27. lumps of sugar, they begin to fight, and Kayerts shoots the 28. unarmed Carlier in what he believes to be self-defence. 29. When the steamer finally arrives, the director discovers 30. Kayerts’s body hanging from the cross with his tongue 31. disrespectfully stuck out at him. Withered arm In a novel structured around contrasts, the main opposition is between Swithin St Cleeve and Lady Viviette Constantine, who are presented as binary figures in a series of ways: aristocratic and lower class, youthful and mature, single and married, fair and dark, religious and agnostic†¦she [Lady Viviette Constantine] is also deeply conventional, absurdly wishing to conceal their marriage until Swithin has achieved social status through his scientific work, which gives rise to uncontrolled ironies and tragic-comic misunderstandings (Harvey 108). | †| Hardy’s stories take into onsideration the events of life and their effects. Fate plays a significant role as the thematic basis for many of his novels. Characters are constantly encountering crossroads, which are symbolic of a point of opportunity and transition. Far From the Madding Crowd tells a tale of liv es that are constructed by chance. â€Å"Had Bathsheba not sent the valentine, had Fanny not missed her wedding, for example, the story would have taken an entirely different path. †[13] Once things have been put into motion, they will play out. Hardys characters are in the grips of an overwhelming fate. [edit] Poetry Thomas Hardy was born and grew up near Dorchester in the county town of Dorset. Dorset was the inspiration of most of his work although he did include areas such as Devon, Somerset, Cornwall, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Berkshire and Oxfordshire. Various stories written by Thomas Hardy have been based, borrowed and enhanced from experiences told to many generations of the Hardy family. The areas the stories are set around are a fictional country called Wessex, based on the area he lived up in. By setting the stories in an area well known to Hardy he is able to go into detail, but also make them sound as realistic as possible. Hardy even uses the regional dialect to bring his stories to life and make the reader think they are there. By locating the stories in the countryside, Hardy gives the stories a slower, more relaxed way of life, with different values to those illustrating inner city life. The countryside generally consists of a closer network of people compared to the city life, because of the smaller more involved community, people may care more of what other individuals think of them which generates the different values, principles and morals. From the story, The Withered Arm, I have chosen to investigate the character, Rhoda Brook. In the story, Rhoda plays an interesting character, motivated by her initial jealously towards other people. Rhodas character is one that develops throughout the story. Hardy lets his readers imagine what Rhoda looks like as he gives little description of her physical appearance. He does state that she is tall from the quote, aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦and if shes tall as tall as I taken from page 2. He also reveals she has dark eyes, a quote from page 5 follows Her eyes, then, are not dark like mine? This can be perceived in two slightly different ways. The obvious first is that of a physical feature. The second less apparent characteristic is of a devious, manipulative and possibly scheming aspect, perhaps based on her own personality. It is clear that Rhoda does not have the choice to work or not, and, later it becomes apparent that she lives on her own with her son, who is around the age of twelve. Rhoda is determined to ensure that her son admires her. His personal view of his mother is important to her; she may feel threatened by Farmer Lodges new wife and this maybe the reason why she sent her son out to see what she looks like. This inflicts a shallow, insecure view of herself, in that she believes physical characteristics are more significant than personality. As a mother it is important to Rhoda to protect her son from any idol gossip he may hear about her from the village where they live. This is possibly why they moved away. However, at the beginning of the story when the milking maids were talking about Rhoda and Framer Lodge she did not seem too worried about what other people thought of her. She wishes to keep her son away from anything that may encourage him to resent her. Rhodas relationship towards the male characters in the story is barely existent. Rhoda avoids conversation with most males. This may have something to do with past experiences; perhaps she had been hurt from previous relationships and now avoids any contact with the opposite sex. She possesses a great amount of hatred towards Farmer Lodge this may be, for not accepting or acknowledging her sibling on the account of their failed relationship. The only positive relationship Rhoda has with a male character in the story is her son, Jamie. The first impressions of Rhoda are noticeably different to the ones found whilst looking into her character more intensely. My personal first impressions of her were of a woman driven by jealously and the need to be in control of every situation. However, looking further into her disposition she simply has an insecure view of situations. To outside people she may come across as a strong character, though deep down, she is more emotional than the male characters in the story. Rhoda rarely involves herself with any conversation, however she is respectful towards other people, though on occasions she does misinterpret situations, which may be looked upon as disrespectful. This can be interpreted from the pages 9 to 10, where upon Gertrude appears at Rhodas house from some boots from her son. By the way Rhoda acts towards Gertrude implies to the reader that she is jealous and embarrassed, as she cannot provide for her own offspring. Another reason why Rhoda may have come across as disrespectful to Gertrude is because of her own fear of her son rejecting her. Within the small community in which Rhoda lives, other women view Rhoda as an outcast. From the beginning of the story in the cow dairy Thomas Hardy makes it clear to the reader that Rhoda is not very involved with local gossip and that perhaps she lacks communication with other people. An example of this is at the start in the dairy, when there is much conversation going on about Farmer Lodge, Rhoda does not get involved. This is reiterated when members of the cow dairy begin to talk about Rhoda behind her back. Rhoda makes no effort to confront these comments and presumably carries on with her work. Rhoda barely goes into her local parish and market, and usually sends her son to do any odd jobs for her. She says to him on page 2, I shall send you for a few things to marketaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦ Rhoda and her son, also live considerably far away from the market, this was taken from, aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦your house is the nearest outside our own parish. This may imply that Rhoda and her son live in the middle of two different parishes, or perhaps she does not live within a parish, both these suggestions cause difficulties for Rhoda if ever she wanted to be more involved with community events. Rhodas quirky character varies a lot, from other females that live within the network where she lives and works. However I feel there is a strong connection between Rhoda and Gertrude, in that they are both strong outcasts in the co mmunity. Event though much they may dispute it, their characters are very alike. The narrative viewpoint differs from each story. The Sons Veto and The Withered Arm are written by using an omniscient narrator, which is a use of narrator that is not a character within the story. Whereas, Tony Kytes the Arch Deceiver uses first person narrative. 1st person narrative is when the story is told by one of the characters point of view. This may seem more friendly and authentic because of the use of the local regional dialect. However by using one character to explain the story we can only experience and explore their feelings and point of view, which gives a biased and perhaps fiction analysis over situations. The omniscient style of narrative sees everything, which gives an unbiased view of what is happening in the story they are more truthful and factual then the use of a 1st person narrative. Depending on the different personalities of the readers influences the way they read and interpret different styles of writing. To some people omniscient narrative encourages them to sympathise towards particular characters, as they are aware of everything that is happening and all the different feelings from the characters are expressed, generated and articulated. However other readers may feel that because all the feelings of all the characters are expressed they are basic and therefore find it difficult sympathise and relate to any of the characters. 1st person narrative only gives the viewpoint from one character, this may encourage the reader to sympathise with the character telling the story as it persuades them that they are involved in the story, as the character is talking directly to them. However certain people may find it hard to sympathise with this style of writing as it may promote the curiosity of how other characters are feeling and as a consequence may cause the reader to reject the character telling the story. This can be related to the story, Tony Kytes the Arch Deceiver as the story ends we begin to feel a great amount of anxiety towards Tony because of the way he treats Milly. We do not sympathise with Tony. Whilst comparing and contrasting these stories I have noticed similarities and differences between them. Each character has strong and weak points about their personality. Rhoda is weak because she doesnt want to get hurt, Sophy is weak because she moved away from her village to avoid public mockery and Milly is weak for accepting Tonys marriage proposal knowing that she wasnt his first choice. However Rhoda is strong because she does not care what people think about her, she tends to rise above gossip also she is a single mother and has raised her child on her own. Sophy is strong because she has carried on living her life despite what happened to her after her accident. Milly is also strong because she has shown that despite how Tony has treated her she has stood up and shown she loves him by saying she will marry him. Rhoda and Sophy have learnt to put other people before themselves because each of them have children this may encourage them to be less selfish and learn to accept they cannot have everything in life. These two characters are different to the image and role of women during Hardys time. All the women have experienced failed relationships by the lack of commitment. Each of the women has become second best and has not experienced true love because of this. Sophy made sacrifices for her son, Rhoda has become second best to Gertrude and Milly was third best to Unity and Hannah. All the characters are perhaps viewed negatively by the local community. The character I respect the most is Rhoda because of her out going personality and the fact does not care what people think of her. In this essay I have investigated three main characters from the stories, The Withered Arm, Tony Kytes the Arch Deceiver and The Sons Veto. From this I have been able to identify any differences and similarities between the characters. The different female roles Hardy has explored through these short stories are realistic and believable, fore the particular time he has chosen to set them in. He has written about different situations and chosen carefully the types of personalities his characters will have. H. employs specific narrative techniques: he established historical distance Adopted a narrative technique called intradiegetical discourse which deploys an alternative internal narrator to the task of telling the tale. (local Historian, old surgeon,) He is master of this mode of discourse Narration structure:

Strategy evaluation for barclays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategy evaluation for barclays - Essay Example The present strategy of Barclays bank was effective because it led to a statutory increase of its income to  £11,461 in the year 2013 which is given in figure 3. The profit of the bank also increased to  £2868 in the same year compared to 2012 in which its gain was only  £ 797. The suitability of the strategy adopted by the bank by transforming its plan in order to convert it into ‘Go-To’ financial institution reaped huge benefits. The balance sheet of the company strengthened and its operations became efficient. Its core franchises like UK retail, Corporate and Investment banking witnessed sufficient growth. A look at the share price of Barclays bank in figure 4 highlights that the turnaround plan was successful in improving the performance of the company. However, the executive chairperson of the bank McFarlane opined that there are certain pitfalls in its strategy implementation that needs to be mitigated in order to accelerate its progress. The strategic positi on of Barclays bank illustrated in figure 5 reveals that in terms of leadership, it occupies the highest position but HSBC is far ahead in terms of status. Other banks like Standard Chartered and RBS have succeeded in engagement more than Barclays bank. However, Barclays need to move its position in the engagement quadrant in order to compete with its rivals. Out of all the alternatives, the bank has selected the second one by serving its products in different countries in order to create its presence internationally.

African American Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

African American - Assignment Example With freedom came a chance for willing African Americans to access education thereby advancing self-development and consequently the entire society. Unlike during slavery, women gender discrimination and harassment decreased significantly albeit not completely. For the first time, African Americans were allowed to work in different sectors although unlike earlier they were supposed to receive payments for their work. Moreover, General William Sherman allocated free land to the African Americans under the â€Å"special field order # 15†. Freedom of movement meant that African Americans could work in places of their liking and participate in other important activities that were not necessarily within their localities. However, transitioning from slavery to freedom was aided greatly by the Freedman’s Bureau, thirteenth amendment, and fourteenth amendment. Freedman Bureau assisted African Americans in activities such as negotiating contracts with white people, settling disputes between whites and blacks, and ensuring access to food, land, education, and medical services. The thirteenth amendment was passed in 1865 with ascent of President Abraham Lincoln into power. The fourteenth amendment allowed African Americans to receive American citizenship. However, there were also some negatives effects of ending slavery such as loss of land by some of the white people. For instance, in the Southern Carolina white men who had fled during the civil war could not get back their land from the African Americans on returning after the war. Additionally, ending slavery led to hostility towards white men from some of the African American. Nevertheless, the end of slavery ushered in a new era of freedom for African Americans and the entire American community as

16 Questions to be Graded Essay Example for Free

16 Questions to be Graded Essay 1. The researchers analyzed the data they collected as though it were at what level of measurement? a. Nominal b. Ordinal c. Interval/ratio d. Experimental 2. What was the mean posttest empowerment score for the control group? 97.12 3. Compare the mean baseline and posttest depression scores of the experimental group. Was this an expected finding? Provide a rationale for your answer. The mean baseline for depression 14.00 and the post-test for depression was 13.36. The post-test score is 0.64 lower than the baseline score which is what the study hypothesized. The study results state â€Å"This study found that there were significant differences in improvement of empowerment, self-care self-efficacy, and depression in patients who were in the intervention group using empowerment strategies than with the control group patients† (Grove, 2007). 4. Compare the mean baseline and posttest depression scores of the control group. Do these scores strengthen or weaken the validity of the research results? Provide a rationale for your answer. The mean baseline and post-test depression score was 10.40. These scores strengthen the validity of the research results because it shows that depression did not improve for the patients within the control group but the scores did change for the patients in the experimental group. 5. Which groups test scores had the least amount of variability or dispersion? Provide a rationale for your answer. The control group had the least amount of variability with the depression  score which stayed with a SD of 10.4. 6. Did the empowerment variable or self-care self-efficacy variable demonstrate the greatest amount of dispersion? Provide a rationale for your answer. The empowerment variable demonstrated the greatest amount of dispersion because the mean not only went up by 6.64 the SD also went down by 1.91 suggesting the scores are also closer to accurate. 7. The mean () is a measure of __central__ __tendency__ of a distribution while the SD is a measure of __dispersion_____ of its scores. Both and SD are ____descriptive_____ statistics. 8. What was the mean severity for renal disease for the research subjects? What was the dispersion or variability of the renal disease severity scores? Did the severity scores vary significantly between the control and the experimental groups? Is this important? Provide a rationale for your answer. The mean severity for renal disease for the research subjects was moderately severe with a mean of 6.74, SD of 2.97, from a range of 0-10. The severity scores did not vary significantly and it is important to have the same severity of disease across the board so the outcomes can be true. 9. Which variable was least affected by the empowerment program? Provide a rationale for your answer. The mean for the control group was least affected by the empowerment program only rising 0.4. 10. Was it important for the researchers to include the total means and SDs for the study variables in Table 2 to promote the readers’ understanding of the study results? Provide a rationale for your answer. Yes it was important to include the totals so at a glance anyone can see that even when the experimental and control groups are combined the results still show an improvement in all three categories. References Grove, S. K. (2007). Statistics for Health Care Research: A Practical Workbook. [VitalSource Bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://pageburstls.elsevier.com/books/978-1-4160-0226-0/outline/16The citation provided is a guideline, please check each citation for accuracy before use.

how the stock market crashed Essay -- essays research papers

Many factors played a role in bringing about the depression; however, the main cause for the Great Depression was the combination of the greatly unequal distribution of wealth, banking problem, industrial power houses and agricultural depression which ultimately lead to the infamous Stock Market Crash of 1929. The â€Å"roaring twenties† was an era when our country prospered greatly. The rapid increase in industrialization was fueling growth in the economy, and technology improvements had the leading economists living that the uprise would continue. During this boom period, wages increased along with consumer spending and stock prices began to rise as well. Billions of dollars were invested in the stock market as people began speculation on the rising stock prices and buying on margin.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On Thursday, October 24, 1929, the bottom began to fall out. Prices dropped continually as more and more investors tried to sell their holdings. By the end of the day, the New York Stock Exchange had lost four billion dollars, and it took the exchange clerks until five o’clock in the morning the next day to clear all the transactions (Hicks 9) Following Monday the realization of what had happened began to sink in, and a full-blown panic set in. Thousands of investors-- many of them ordinary working people, not serious â€Å"players -- were financially ruined. by the end of the year stock values had dropped by fifteen billion dollars (McElvaine 45).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of the banks which had speculated heavily with their deposits were wiped out by the falling prices, and these bank failures sparked run on the banking system. Each failed bank, factory, business, and investor contributed to the downward spiral that would drag the world into the Great Depression (Hicks 22).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the â€Å"roaring twenties† which is commonly known as the Jazz Age, their was an obvious attitude that was for living for the moment. â€Å"Americans in the Roaring Twenties turned inward, away form international issues and social concerns and toward greater individualism. The emphasis was on getting rich and enjoying new fads, new inventions and new ideas. (Hiebert 73). The traditional values of rural America were being challenged by the infamous Jazz Age, what symbolized what is shock... ...et into a speculative pyramid game, in which most of the money invested in the market wasn’t actually there.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The car industry was the force behind many other booming industries during this time. In 1928, their were over 21 million cars on the road that adds up to one car for every six Americans (Hicks 114). Steel, nickel, lead and other metal industries prospered with 15% of its products going to the automobile industry ( Hicks 114). Rubber, petroleum, textile and leather companies were effected greatly by the car industry too. The automotive industry effected construction as well. the car had been essential to the urbanization of the country , because so many other industries relied upon it. With this rapid urbanization came the need to build many more factories, homes, offices and stores. From 1919 to 1928 the construction industry grew from a mere 2.5 billion dollars to 5billion dollars (Hicks 115).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Radio industry also prospered during

Teacher and Confucius

Confucius What kind of person was Confucius in everyday life? Focus on the following: his clothing and diet, his possessions, his pastimes, the company he kept, and anything else that is relevant. In everyday life Confucius was a relaxed and cheerful man who was constantly in search of new knowledge. He studied the Chinese Classics mainly focusing on the Books of Odes, History and Rites. In his spare time, however, he liked to relax in his manor. He was very picky with the people he chose to keep around. They had to love strategy and the possible success you could get from it.He taught culture, conduct, conscientiousness and good faith and was also picky about who he let in to his school. They had to be modest and willing to listen because he didn’t repeat lessons. He loved music. He would sing in the company of those who were singing. When passing through Ch’I he heard their music and said, â€Å"I did not imagine that music had reached such perfection. † (Confu cius 35). This having been said he also traveled with his students and neglected his family duty. Once when his son saw him in passing and Confucius asked him if he had â€Å"Studied the Odes? (Confucius 102) His son said no so Confucius told him that he would have nothing to use in conversation. So his son left determined to study the book of Odes. On a different day his son saw him again and a similar thing happened only this time Confucius asked about the Rules of Ceremony. The result was exactly the same as the first time. This goes to prove that those who can teach don’t always put their own teachings in to practice. Why is Volume One, Book Two entitled â€Å"Concerning Government† but barely mentions government?Hint: the contents of Book Seven may assist you in answering this question. You can’t teach someone how to run a government but you can teach them how to be a better person in hope that they will be able to better govern the country. One must corre ct themselves before they try to correct others. This is exactly why Volume One, Book Two says little about government and a lot on how to be a better person. Confucius said â€Å"If a man put himself aright, what difficulty will he have in the public service; but if he cannot put himself aright, how is he going to put others right? (Confucius 75) This saying is basically saying one must correct themself first and others later, but if one can’t correct themself then they have no right to attempt at correcting others. In some senses Confucius was a very straight forward man and in others he was just plain confusing. This was one of the areas that he was straight forward with his teaching. It was very important to him that one knew how to act. Despite his reputation as a charismatic teacher, Confucius makes no claim to originality—in fact, it is hard to discern exactly what his teachings are.Why is this the case? He himself did not claim to be a teacher at all. It was h is disciples who made him so. He had people who followed him and listened to what he said and this was enough to make him a teacher, whether what he was saying was original or not made no difference. What mattered was that he had a group of students who were willing to listen to what he said and put it into practice. His teachings, however, were hard to understand. This was because he didn’t want just anyone to be able to follow and understand what he was saying.They had to be smart and make an effort to understand. This was also because sometimes he just spoke in riddles and didn’t give a simple answer. When he did this it would seem that what he was saying was completely unrelated to the question asked, but in some roundabout way it was actually the answer to the question all along. His students just had to think it over a lot before they understood. Confucius himself had no desire to be a teacher but because so many people liked his teachings, it just sort of happen ed that way.What contrasts does Confucius present with the religious figures of ancient Egypt, India, Mesopotamia, China, etc.? Does he strike you as a particularly â€Å"religious† figure? Why or why not? In contrast to the religions of the ancient world Confucianism is more about teaching someone how to live justly. Confucius teaches his students to respect their family and honor their ancestors not about the gods and the afterlife; this is probably the biggest difference. He teaches about what it means to live in this life and how one should go about doing so.In the religions of ancient Egypt, India and Mesopotamia there has always been a priest like figure who would perform religious and sacrificial ceremonies. This figure also had the task of letting everyone know about their religion and how to follow it properly. Sometimes these religious leaders were the head of their country/city/empire and if they weren’t, the leaders had almost always practiced the same or a very similar religion. Confucius was neither the king nor a particularly important person in society (or at least that’s what I gathered from the Confucius Analects).He was just an ordinary man who just so happened to know what he was talking about and how to teach others how to properly live their lives. One could do this by honoring their ancestors and by living a virtuous life. In these other religions, however, there has always been some form of afterlife, be it cheerful or gloomy, and most of these ancient civilizations buried their dead (especially those who were important) with luxury items for them to take to the afterlife. Confucius never taught about the afterlife though.Once a student of his asked about death and Confucius replied, â€Å"Not yet understanding life, how can you understand death? ’ (Confucius 61). Confucius does not seem like a religious figure at all. In fact, there is some debate about whether or not Confucianism can actually be considered a religion. What Confucius taught was how to live a moral life as a human being. He taught that one should study the Chinese Classics and follow a few basic rules of life. This is why he does not seem like a religious figure or to have been a religious man.